[107] It was responsible for organising a mock referendum held at the University of Glasgow in February 2013. I think that should be a choice for the people of Scotland. [20] The SNP organised a hugely successful campaign entitled "It's Scotland's oil", emphasising how the discovery of oil could benefit Scotland's struggling deindustrialising economy and its populace. My views have been … [59] Legislation was introduced to Parliament to govern any future referendums on any subject held by the devolved institutions. 13 January 2012. ", "Margaret Thatcher: The woman who changed Scotland", "What are the benefits of Scotland being independent? Annual CAP payments are made to the UK, which then determines how much to allocate to each of the devolved administrations, including Scotland. The "Yes" vote received 45% (1,617,989) support—the winning total needed was 1,852,828. Electorate 4,283,392. Scotland would only consider an independent currency, once certain economic goals had been met. Parliament examines what the Government is doing, makes new laws, holds the power to set taxes and debates the issues of the day. After 32 of 32 counts. For six months last year, polling consistently showed strong support … A referendum is a method of referring a question or set of questions to the entire electorate directly. Professor John Curtice said in mid-2019 that the recent swing towards 'Yes' was concentrated among people who had voted to "Remain" in the 2016 Brexit referendum. With the United Kingdom under a level of scrutiny unmatched since the eighteenth century Independence or Union is the essential guide. In October 2020, an Ipsos Mori poll for STV News showed 58% of Scots in support for independence[72] and that, if there were an economic case for Scotland becoming independent, 75% of Scots say they would support. The report went on to say that officials advised government ministers on how to take "the wind out of the SNP sails". Aberdeen City. On 23 April 2021, she said no one in the SNP wanted to see a border between Scotland and England. Scottish independence poll shows views unchanged as pro-Union side maintains lead Nicola Sturgeon said she intends to hold a vote by the end of … [209], In the year from September 2016 to September 2017, 25 of 26 polls conducted showed "No" as the most popular answer and only one showed "Yes" as the most popular answer. Florida is like Colorado, but need a 60% vote. This was criticised by opposition parties for putting independence ahead of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. [98], Spanish Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy said: "[be] very clear Scotland does not have the competence to negotiate with the European Union. Trade currently domestic, within the framework of the UK internal market, would become international trade. Glasgow North East was gained by Labour despite consisting mostly of the two Scottish Parliamentary constituencies with the largest support for independence within the Glasgow City council area – Glasgow Maryhill and Springburn and Glasgow Provan. Over the last year there has been a veritable Niagara of media comment and discussion on the possibility of another referendum on Scottish independence, and on what might follow if one were held. [11][failed verification] In 1885, the post of Secretary for Scotland and the Scottish Office were re-established to promote Scotland's interests and express its concerns to the UK Parliament. [26], Though the proposal for Scotland to become an independent country was voted down in 2014, the referendum resulted in the Scottish Parliament gaining additional powers through the Scotland Act 2016, which increased the devolved powers in areas such as taxation and some aspects of welfare provision. An independent Scotland. The SNP held the position of the third-largest party in the House of Commons, gaining 13 seats from the previous election to a total of 48. The independence movement consists of many factions with varying political views. ", "UKIP leader Nigel Farage insists he will play a key role in the campaign against Scottish independence", "Scottish Election 2021: Who are the 20 smaller parties running for Holyrood including Scottish Family Party, Abolish the Scottish Parliament Party and Alba? The last five years have been full of twists and turns, overlaying the existing constitutional divide with another. Sustainability and environmental performance in Parliament, Vote in general elections and referendums, Archive: potential impact on the UK of Scottish independence, Find out more about parliamentary constituencies, 8 March 1973: Northern Ireland – Northern Ireland sovereignty referendum on whether Northern Ireland should remain part of the United Kingdom or join the Republic of Ireland (yes to remaining part of the UK), 5 June 1975: UK – Membership of the European Community referendum on whether the UK should stay in the European Community (yes), 1 March 1979: Scotland – Scottish devolution referendum on whether there should be a Scottish Assembly (40 per cent of the electorate had to vote yes in the referendum, although a small majority voted yes this was short of the 40 per cent threshold required to enact devolution), 1 March 1979: Wales – Welsh devolution referendum on whether there should be a Welsh Assembly (no), 11 September 1997: Scotland – Scottish devolution referendums on whether there should be a Scottish Parliament and whether the Scottish Parliament should have tax varying powers (both referendums received a yes vote), 18 September 1997: Wales – Welsh devolution referendum on whether there should be a National Assembly for Wales (yes), 7 May 1998: London – Greater London Authority referendum on whether there should be a Mayor of London and Greater London Authority (yes), 22 May 1998: Northern Ireland – Northern Ireland Belfast Agreement referendum on the Good Friday Agreement (yes), 3 March 2011: Wales - Welsh devolution referendum on whether the National Assembly for Wales should gain the power to legislate on a wider range of matters (yes), 5 May 2011: UK – referendum on whether to change the voting system for electing MPs to the House of Commons from first past the post to the alternative vote (no, first past the post will continue to be used to elect MPs to the House of Commons). [97] With the publication of the draft Independence Referendum Bill[98] on 22 March 2021[99] the question of legality was raised again. ", "The European Union and the United Kingdom Union", "Nationalist plans on currency and tax are falling apart", "Weak Scottish currency will cause capital flight after independence says HSBC boss", "SNP's independence currency plan branded 'a hugely risky experiment, "As others see us: The striking similarities between Brexit and Scottish independence debates", "House of Lords - Scottish independence: constitutional implications of the referendum - Constitution Committee", "10 reasons against Scottish independence", "Scottish elections: the problems with Scexit", "Nationalists must face the economic reality that Scottish independence would be much worse than Brexit – Brian Wilson", "A Fateful Election in Scotland: After Brexit Could Come Scexit", "Sturgeon has no credible answers on economics of Scexit | The Spectator", "SCEXIT (noun) definition and synonyms | Macmillan Dictionary", "Britain divided over Scottish Independence", "Yes voters take lead in new independence poll", "Scottish independence: Depending on the pollster, it looks like a photo finish", "New poll: Scotland would back indy if fresh vote was held now", "What are the latest polls saying about Scottish independence? LOCKERBIE, Scotland — A second Scottish independence referendum could take place if polling consistently shows 60 percent of Scots desire a fresh vote, according to a senior U.K. In their manifesto for the 2016 Scottish elections, the SNP stipulated conditions under which they would seek a second independence referendum:[29], The SNP were re-elected in the 2016 election, winning 63 seats in the 129-seat chamber, although the result meant that they no longer held an overall majority. 11 September 1997: Scotland – Scottish devolution referendums on whether there should be a Scottish Parliament and whether the Scottish Parliament should have tax varying powers (both referendums received a yes vote) 18 September 1997: Wales – Welsh devolution referendum on whether there should be a National Assembly for Wales (yes) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opinion_polling_on_Scottish_independence [206] The research also showed, however, that the proportion of the population strongly opposed to independence had also declined. Ever since I met my Scottish partner, two years before the 2014 referendum, I’ve been intrigued by the idea of an independent Scotland. [123]: 190, In a 2020 interview, SNP Defence Spokesperson Stewart McDonald said that an independent Scotland would not be a "scaled-down version of the United Kingdom" when it comes to defence and security. [7] Ruth Davidson later appeared at a press conference in Edinburgh and stated her position that "we will maintain that it should not take place when there is no clear public and political consent for it to happen". There have also been local and regional referendums held in the UK which are not included on this list. [104], In April 2017, a report for the European Parliament Committee on Constitutional Affairs was published to look at the implications on the UK's withdrawal from the European Union on Scotland, Wales and Gibraltar and their future relations with the EU. According to the Growth Commission, Scotland would seek an open migration policy to allow for its population to grow. Lord Ashdown - BBC Question Time, 12 January 2012. [31] The Parliament of the United Kingdom subsequently approved the Scotland Act 1998 which created an elected Scottish Parliament with control over most domestic policy. We also feel that we can show, beyond reasonable doubt, a good explanation for what happened at the Referendum and help the police with the issues they want to address. The campaign for Scottish independence has been on hold since May’s elections to the Scottish Parliament.This may be because the results of that … Visitors are welcome to take a tour or watch debates and committees at the Houses of Parliament in London. [118] SNP MP Ian Blackford stated in 2020 that the EU-UK border created by the Brexit deal would "impose mountains of red tape, added costs and barriers to trade for Scottish businesses. [33], The Scottish Parliament has legislative authority for all non-reserved matters relating to Scotland, and has a limited power to vary income tax, nicknamed the Tartan Tax, a power it did not exercise and which was later replaced by wider tax-varying powers. [20] In May 1999, Scotland held its first election for a devolved parliament, and in July 1999, the Scottish Parliament held session for the first time since the previous parliament had been adjourned in 1707, after a gap of 292 years. [45][46] Prior to the passage of the motion, a Green Party amendment was passed, by the same margin, that seeks to enable 16 and 17 year-olds and EU citizens the opportunity to vote in a referendum.[47]. [24] The UK Government had also portrayed the independence referendum as once-in-a-generation[25] and Nicola Sturgeon described it as a "once in a lifetime opportunity". [52] The Conservatives became the largest anti-independence party increasing their votes from 27% to 46% of unionist voters. The border checks may be significant. [75], Michael Gove ruled out the possibility of the UK Government approving a second vote on Scottish independence before the next UK general election, stating that a majority of voters supported parties in favour of the union on the constituency ballot and that the Government's current focus was on recovering from the coronavirus pandemic. The covenant was ignored by the main political parties. We explain the risks. [153] Throughout the later half of 2020, with the continuing unpopularity of Boris Johnson in Scotland and the popular leadership of First Minister Nicola Sturgeon during the first wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic, 'Yes' rose to constant plurality and in some polls majority levels of support. The BBC reported that 39% of those who voted Leave in 2016 would vote Yes, while 59% of those who voted Remain would do the same.[114]. Traces the development of the ideology of modern Scottish nationalism from the 1960s to the independence referendum in 2014. A campaign group called "Scotland in Union" emerged after the 2014 independence referendum. NICOLA STURGEON remains insistent that Scotland will have a second referendum on the issue of Scottish independence - but the First Minister seems to have … [15] The judge, Lady Carmichael, ruled that the group lacked standing, as they were not directly affected by the legal question involved, and consequently she did not make a ruling on the issue in question. The independence question rose back up the agenda as a result of the EU referendum in June 2016, at which 62% of … For information about the result and the process for leaving the EU, see the House of Commons Library EU referendum pages: The House of Commons Library produced articles in the run up to the referendum which explored the potential impact on the UK of Scottish independence. We believe we can answer many questions arising from the ballot, which many people in Scotland still have; questions, which have never properly been addressed by the authorities. There has been some sign of a retreat from that position by the UK government - … Jane Lewis. [14], The legality of holding a referendum in such circumstances is unclear. Dated April 2012. Summary of responses to Cm. 8203 (ISBN 9780101820325) which sought views on how to deliver a legal, fair and decisive referendum on whether Scotland should leave the United Kingdom [62] Sturgeon's intention was for the referendum to be held in 2020. A first referendum on independence was held in September 2014, with 55% voting "No" to independence. [12] This was not a nationalist philosophy, but instead Asquith was acting in the belief that federalism was the "true basis of union" and that centralising power in Westminster was the "worst of all political blunders". [52][53], A realignment also occurred among those who opposed independence in the 2014 referendum. The Scotland Act 1978 was consequently repealed in March 1979 by a vote of 301–206 in Parliament. The contributors to this volume are some of the leading experts on politics in Scotland. [54], On 25 May 2018, the Scottish National Party published its "Growth Commission" report, which detailed the economics of an independent Scotland when maintaining close alignment to British fiscal policy. Read about how to contact an MP or Lord, petition Parliament and find out details of events in your area. The Conservatives, who oppose independence, saw their best election in Scotland since 1983, winning 29% of the vote and increasing their seat total to thirteen, compared to one in the previous parliament. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Referendums_in_the_United_Kingdom The Scottish Government has proposed holding a second referendum on Scottish independence (commonly shortened to indyref2) from the United Kingdom (UK). "[105], Under the UK's EU membership, Scottish farmers had been entitled to Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) payments, with fisheries receiving support from the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP). [70] Five months later, Sturgeon announced that the Scottish Government was planning a new draft referendum bill. The Electoral Commission is an independent body, accountable directly to the UK Parliament, that regulates elections in the UK, promotes voter awareness and works to build confidence in the electoral process. You may find some parts of this website Following the Irish War of Independence (1919–21) and the Anglo-Irish Treaty that ended the war, Ireland was partitioned into two states: Southern Ireland, which opted to become independent (and is now known as Ireland), and Northern Ireland, which - due its creation along the lines of ensuring a unionist-majority - chose to remain within the United Kingdom. The Edinburgh Agreement (2012) between the Scottish Parliament and the UK Parliament stated that both governments would accept the outcome of the referendum and thereafter would "continue to work together constructively in the light of the outcome, whatever it is, in the best interests of the people of Scotland and of the rest of the United Kingdom". [34][35] Former Labour Scottish First Minister Henry McLeish asserted that he would support Scottish independence under such circumstances. The legality of any UK constituent country attaining de facto independence or declaring unilateral independence outside the framework of British constitutional convention is debatable. "[124] Anti-Brexit arguments that raise concerns about "border frictions" between the UK and EU translate over to the England-Scotland context. A child born to a British parent in an independent Scotland would not be able to pass on their British citizenship to their children. Your UK Parliament offers free, flexible support for teachers, community groups, and home educators to spark engagement and active citizenship. [4], First Minister Nicola Sturgeon gained approval of the Scottish Parliament to seek a Section 30 order under the Scotland Act 1998 to hold an independence referendum "when the shape of the UK's Brexit deal will become clear". [54], After a protracted period of negotiation, a public debate between Salmond and Better Together leader Alistair Darling was arranged. [52][53] The Conservatives had a smaller rise among independence supporters, gaining 7% of their votes in 2017, compared to 2% in 2015. [111][112] This position was criticised by pro-independence think tank Common Weal who propose that Scotland should adopt a new currency as close to Day 1 of independence as possible, as a means to have full fiscal and monetary sovereignty. [123], In 2014, it was planned by the Scottish Government, in the event of independence, that Scottish citizens would be entitled to a Scottish passport; that the passport would be similar to the current UK passports (in design and layout); and that UK passports would continue to be valid until expiry date. "[94], The Scottish European and External Affairs Committee held an evidence session on 30 June 2016, asking a panel of four experts (Dr Kirsty Hughes of Friends of Europe, Prof Sionaidh Douglas-Scott of the Queen Mary School of Law at the University of London, Sir David Edward and Prof Drew Scott of the University of Edinburgh) what they felt was the best way to secure the Scottish-EU relationship. [64] A spokesperson for British Prime Minister Theresa May said that "The prime minister and the government does not believe that there is a mandate for [a second referendum].
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